Popeye became an animated cartoon hero in 1933

Popeye the Sailor jumped from the comics section of newspapers into the world of animated films in 1933, when King Features Syndicate licensed the character to Fleischer Studios in New York City.

 

Brothers Max Fleischer (shown above) and Dave Fleischer (shown below) were intent upon transforming Popeye into a movie star.

 

Entertainment historian Fred Grandinetti, who has written extensively about Popeye’s development, said Popeye was introduced to audiences as “a pugnacious, wisecracking cartoon sailor who possesses superhuman strength after ingesting an always-handy can of spinach.”

 

“Popeye is a scrappy little seaman with bulging forearms, a squinty eye, and a screwed-up face, punctuated with an ever-present pipe in his mouth.”

 

“He is always ready for a fight instead of a reasonable discussion, has a gravelly voice and is constantly mumbling under his breath. 

His credo is: ‘I yam what I yam, and that’s all that I am. I’m Popeye the sailor man. I’m strong to the finich cause I eats me spinach.’”

“His girlfriend is the gangly Olive Oyl, for whose attention Popeye vies constantly with Bluto, his bearded, hulking rival,” Grandinetti wrote.

 

Popeye’s cartoon debut in 1933 was a bit of a cameo appearance in a “Betty Boop” short produced by the Fleischers. 

Vocalist Billy Costello of Providence, R.I., commonly known on the vaudeville circuit as “Red Pepper Sam,” was the original gruff-sounding voice of Popeye in the animated cartoon shorts.

 

In 1935, Jack Mercer of Worthington, Ind., took over as Popeye’s voice actor.

A source at Amazon’s IMDb (Internet Movie Database) said: “Mercer proved to be a superior comedian who brought engaging warmth and humor to the character.

Many of Popeye’s funniest under-the-breath mutterings – the puns, malapropisms and wisecracks – were freely ad-libbed by Mercer during the recording sessions.”

 

Mercer continued in that role for nearly 50 years; he was still performing in 1984 when he died from cancer at age 74. (Mercer also was the voice of cartoon character “Felix the Cat.”)

Popeye’s first two-reel Technicolor film, “Popeye the Sailor Meets Sindbad the Sailor,” was produced by Fleischer Studios in 1936.

A veteran mariner, Popeye joined the U.S. Coast Guard in 1933, before he enlisted in the U.S. Navy in 1941.

 

Popeye’s most famous role as a Coast Guardsman came in 1937, when he appeared in the two-reel feature “Popeye the Sailor Meets Ali Baba’s Forty Thieves.” Popeye was deployed to the Middle East to foil the evil plans of Bluto and his band of 40 thugs.

Popeye’s 100th animated cartoon was titled “The Mighty Navy” (1941). As a fresh recruit, Popeye finds his ship surrounded by eight enemy battleships. He grabbed a cannon in his bare hands and fired away, sinking the entire armada of attackers as well as wiping out an aircraft carrier and all its planes.

And then…when Popeye noticed a huge destroyer approaching, he munched a bunch of spinach and launched himself through the torpedo tube, proceeding to sink the oncoming enemy vessel with only a blow from his fist. Instantly, Popeye became a war hero.

 

This marked the first appearance of Popeye in his new “Navy whites” uniform, which would become his standard outfit going forward. 

Popeye became an inspirational symbol for the Navy, with his image used for squadron insignias during World War II.

Popeye cartoons debuted on national television in 1956, featuring the extensive library of 234 theatrical shorts that were now the property of Paramount Pictures, having absorbed Fleischer Studios in 1941.

 

Popeye quickly became the most popular children’s series on TV.

In order to cash in on “Popeye mania,” King Features Syndicate began to crank out its own Popeye TV episodes, producing another 220 titles. 

  

Popeye cartoon character approaches milestone birthday

Comic strip icon Popeye the Sailor Man is creeping up on his 100th birthday in 2029.

 

Fans are urging America to get this party started early…by bringing Popeye back in balloon form for the 100th Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade on Nov. 26, 2026, in New York City.

The 56-foot Popeye balloon appeared regularly in the Macy’s parade from 1957-68.

 

Popeye’s sweetheart Olive Oyl holds the distinction of being the “first female character to appear in balloon form” in the Macy’s parade. She made her debut in 1982. Olive’s balloon was about 75 feet tall; she was joined in her final year (1986) by the infant Swee’Pea.

 

Both Popeye and Olive were created by cartoonist Elzie Crisler (E. C.) Segar of Chester, Ill., who was born in 1894. 

As a teenager, Segar worked as the silent film projectionist at the Chester Opera House and drew cartoons with colored chalk on city sidewalks to advertise the week’s movie.

Opera house owner J. William Schuchert recognized Segar’s talent and paid for a correspondence course in cartooning for Segar, offered by the W. L. Evans School of Cartooning, based in Cleveland, Ohio. The curriculum included 19 lessons on “How to Draw Animated Cartoons.”

After finishing up each evening at the opera house, Segar “lit up the oil lamps about midnight and worked on the course until 3 a.m.” He completed his coursework in 1916, at age 17, and was hired to draw for the Chicago Herald newspaper.

In 1918, Segar moved on to William Randolph Hearst’s Chicago Evening American. The newspaper’s managing editor thought Segar could succeed in New York City, so he sent him to Hearst’s King Features Syndicate.

 

Segar’s comic strip, “Thimble Theatre,” debuted in the New York Journal on Dec.19, 1919. Olive Oyl was a member of the original cast, along with her brother Castor Oyl.

 

More than a decade later (on Jan. 17, 1929), Castor Oyl needed to hire a mariner to pilot his ship over to a private island. Castor picked up a weatherbeaten sailor named Popeye on the docks.

 

Segar fashioned his new character after Frank “Rocky” Fiegel, a rough and tumble Merchant Marine veteran who was born in Poland. In Chester, Rocky Fiegel was always getting into fights, but he also gave out candy and treats to children, including a young E. C. Segar.

 

Rocky worked at Wiebusch’s Tavern in Chester and entertained customers by telling stories about his adventures sailing the Seven Seas. Olive Oyl was patterned after Dora Paskel, owner of a corner grocery store in Chester.

 

Newspaper readers welcomed the addition of Popeye to the “Thimble Theatre” comic strip, and Segar elevated Popeye to become the star of the show.

Segar commonly signed his work “Segar,” connected to a sketch of a smoldering cigar, reflecting the slang-like pronunciation of his surname, “SEE-gar.” Segar died of leukemia in 1938 at age 43.

 

By this time, “Thimble Theatre” was published in about 500 newspapers globally. King Features Syndicate refused to let the comic strip disappear.

Tom Sims of Ohatchee, Ala., took over as writer. His father had operated a steamship on the Coosa River in Alabama. Sims said he mentally transformed the river into a “salty sea” for Popeye’s future adventures.

 

Sims’ scripts were drawn by Bela Zaboly of Cleveland, Ohio. Sims and Zaboly had a long run working together, collaborating on the daily Popeye comic strip well into the 1950s.

 

In 1959, the torch was passed to Forrest Cowles “Bud” Sagendorf of Wenatchee, Wash. He once worked as E. C. Segar’s assistant. Sagendorf continued to draw the Popeye strips until his death in 1994 at age 79.

Preston Tucker brought fame, if not fortune, to Ypsilanti

Ypsilanti, Mich., was the home base of automaker Preston Thomas Tucker, who was a flash in the pan 80 years ago. He formed his company in 1946 to manufacture the iconic “Tucker Torpedo.”

 

A member of the Automotive Hall of Fame, Tucker was born in 1903. Fascinated with the emerging world of cars, he spent much of his childhood hanging around service stations and garages, learning his way around under the hood.

He started driving at age 11, and as a teenager, Tucker began purchasing pre-owned automobiles to repair and refurbish for resale. He dropped out of high school to take a job as an office boy for the Cadillac Motor Company and later worked on the assembly line at Ford Motor Company.

In his early 20s, Tucker jumped at the opportunity to join the Lincoln Park (Mich.) Police Department, so he could drive fast, high-performance police cars.

 

It was a cold winter day when Officer Tucker used a blowtorch to cut a hole in the dashboard of a cruiser to allow engine heat to warm the cabin. Brilliant, but against department regulations.

Instantly, he realized that he wasn’t cut out for a career in law enforcement. Tucker became a crackerjack car salesman, selling Studebakers, Chryslers, Pierce-Arrows and Packards for various dealerships.

Tucker tried his hand at building race cars in Indianapolis before finally “settling down” as a family man in Ypsilanti in the late 1930s. 

He established Ypsilanti Machine and Tool Company, by remodeling an old barn on his property into a two-story garage, which would soon be “bustling with draftsmen, mechanics and engineers,” all engaged in multiple entrepreneurial efforts to help with the World War II effort.

“As the war was ending, Tucker hoped to become a carmaker, capitalizing on his visceral understanding of car buyers plus the technical knowledge he had gained in the racing world,” commented Joe DeMatio of The Haggerty Group. 

“A less ambitious man might have been deterred by his lack of money, education or experience in the auto industry.”

Dominance by the “Big Three” – General Motors, Ford and Chrysler – left “little room for newcomers,” DeMatio said. “But Preston Tucker would not be thwarted.”

“He would conceive and construct a rear-engine drive motorcar that would ‘open a new era in motoring’ – a comfortable, efficient, safe and affordable sedan with technological leaps in suspension, body engineering and powertrain efficiency.”

“Tucker correctly assessed the mood of the American public – they were starved for new cars after the wartime production shutdown. Throughout 1946, word spread across America of Tucker’s impending ‘Car of Tomorrow – Today!’”

Tucker’s revolutionary “Cyclops Eye” center headlight was designed to activate at steering angles of greater than 10 degrees to light the car’s path around corners. He lined up 363 dealerships and geared up for production in a vacant, government surplus factory in Chicago.

 

The trade publication Automotive News commented that “Tucker had the aura of a lone knight ready to take on the giants of the industry.”

Against all odds, the Tucker Corporation produced 51 cars (called Tucker 48s) in 1948. 

And that was it.

It’s an incredible story about how American political muscle and pressure from industry heavyweights choked Tucker’s company into oblivion.

Francis Ford Coppola revealed all the details in his 1988 motion picture: “Tucker: The Man and His Dream,” starring Jeff Bridges.

Remarkably, 47 of the original 51 Tucker 48s are still in existence. 

The Antique Automobile Club of America Museum in Hershey, Pa., has three on display.

 

Visit the Tucker Automobile Preservation Society online at tuckerclub.org.

Tucker, who suffered from lung cancer, died on Dec. 26, 1956, at age 53. 

Gov. Morehead’s influence continues to resonate

Morehead City’s port is considerably smaller than its “sister port” in Wilmington, but the Morehead City facility was officially dedicated as North Carolina’s “first” state port on Aug. 14, 1952. 

(A dedication ceremony for Wilmington’s port occurred about a month later.)

The event in Morehead City was a big deal and historic occasion. State dignitaries and local officials rolled out the red carpet to welcome 82-year-old John Motley Morehead III to town to deliver keynote remarks at the Port of Morehead City ceremony.

He was the grandson of former North Carolina Gov. John Motley Morehead, who would become the namesake for a town that began to form in 1857. 

Establishment of the port here as well as the extension of the railroad from Goldsboro to the coast were masterminded by the former governor.

Indeed, Gov. Morehead became known as the “Father of Modern North Carolina” for driving industrialization and building infrastructure, especially railroads and improved waterways.

 A large crowd assembled in 1952 for the purpose of showing respect and paying tribute to John Motley Morehead III. He was a fairly famous guy himself, having attained great wealth as a chemical engineer, inventor and industrialist.

 

John Motley Morehead III (at right) is shown here with R. Gregg Cherry, North Carolina’s governor from 1945-49. 

One of his Morehead's early scientific discoveries was the development of a process to economically manufacture calcium carbide…leading to the formation of Union Carbide Corporation in 1917. 

(Union Carbide became a wholly owned subsidiary of Dow Chemical Company in 2001.)

As a philanthropist, John Motley Morehead III gave generously to his alma mater, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 

Graduating in the Class of 1891, he established the Morehead Foundation, which provided funding to launch the renowned Morehead Scholars Program as well as build Morehead Planetarium and the Genevieve B. Morehead Memorial Art Gallery on campus.

 

Additionally, John Motley Morehead III and Rufus Lenoir Patterson Jr. (a cousin, classmate and fraternity brother) presented the Morehead-Patterson Bell Tower to the university.

John Motley Morehead III told everyone who attended the 1952 ceremony at the Morehead City Port that he was proud to come to Morehead City to comment on his grandfather’s “heritage, dreams and fulfillment.”

He said: “As the ship channels are further deepened through the sandbars to the sea, the ports of Morehead City and Wilmington will become increasingly hopeful North Carolina centers of commerce, as a vital part in a more prosperous and peaceful world.”

Those treasured words have been modernized over time. In 2026, the mission of the North Carolina State Ports Authority is “to be the gateway to global markets and to enhance the economy of North Carolina by supporting and improving the state’s logistics network.”

 

In general terms, “a logistics network includes facilities, means of transport and processes that allow products to flow from the supplier to the final consumer.”

One reliable source tells us: “Logistics is of utmost importance in the present day, as it plays a crucial role in the smooth functioning of global trade, commerce and transportation.”

It’s good to know that “commerce” is still an essential word.

In 2023, the John Locke Foundation, based in Raleigh, commissioned the Reason Foundation of Los Angeles, Calif., to conduct an independent evaluation of the North Carolina state ports. 

The report was prepared by Jay Derr, a transportation policy analyst at Reason.

 

Derr said that the Morehead City and Wilmington ports “generate $16.1 billion in economic output for North Carolina.”

It’s important for policymakers to continue investing wisely in the state ports in order to enhance North Carolina’s competitive position, Derr said.

Former Gov. Morehead and John Motley Morehead III would be pleased to hear it.